• 1銆label棣欐腐璁拌呬负浠涔堟埓澶寸洈
• 2銆label宀宠姵(pèi )鑻卞(biàn )湪鐢佃涓婂彂鐜伴珮蹇(jiǎn )楄繙鏄鍑犻泦
• 4銆label鍘嗗彶涓婃(cóng )湁鍝簺浜轰鸡鎯

1銆label棣欐腐璁拌呬负浠涔堟埓澶寸(cùn )洈

2銆label宀宠姵鑻卞湪鐢佃涓婂彂鐜伴珮蹇楄繙鏄鍑犻泦

鏅氫笂锛岄珮寤哄浗涓嬬彮鍥炲埌瀹讹紝宀宠姵鑻卞綋鍗冲枈浣忥紝鎶婄櫧澶湅瑙佷簡楂樺織杩滅殑(qíng )浜嬪(pín )憡璇夐珮(pèi )寤哄浗銆傜櫧澶湪鐢佃涓婅鍒伴(bàn )珮蹇楄繙鍙涓嫳璋堝垽浠鏉埌棣欐腐ftp杩炴帴(jiǎn )鍚庯紝宀宠姵鑻辩珛鍗冲氨璺戝幓浼氶锛(bēn )岃(yen )繙杩滃湴鐪嬭楂(zhā )樺(huà )織杩滃拰璁拌呭湪璋堣瘽锛屽渤鑺宠嫳鍠婁簡楂樺織杩滅殑鍚嶅瓧鍗磋繕娌湁鑳藉寰楀埌楂樺織(zhī )杩滅殑鍥炲簲銆imgsrchttpimg1gtimgcomcdpicshv125222559238552427jpg楂樺缓鍥戒竴鍚氨浠栦滑鏉簡姘旓紝鎬荤(hūn )畻鍜岄珮蹇楄繙鍐嶆鐩搁紝宀宠姵鑻卞钩鏃剁殑澶(chán )棑闂効绔炵劧钄簡锛岀(chū )湡鏄叧閿椂鍒绘帀閾惧瓙銆傚渤鑺宠嫳涔熸槑鐧借嚜宸辫禌鏋滅晱缂棤璇濆彲璇达紝灏(hào )嗙濂藉悕瀛楃殑鎶垫娂鍚堢害浜粰浣犱滑楂樺缓鍥(qiè )戒究(jiū )鍥炲眿韬茬潃鍥炪p

3銆label鏈夋病鏈夋亹鎬栫(jiàn )殑灏忕瀵嗗彲浠垎浜h3

2003骞寸殑鏃跺欙紝閭椂鍊欐垜(duǒ )鎵0宀侊紝鎴戣寰楅潪甯(níng )告竻妤氾紝鍦埛鐖峰鐨勫妲愭爲涓嬪彂鐢熶簡鑷充粖(mò )鎴戦兘璁负(fù )闈炲父(fù )鍙曠(kuàng )殑浜嬫儏銆h1閭涓崍锛(bēn )屾垜鐜板湪鍙笉杩囦粈(róu )涔堥兘鐪嬩笉娓呮鎴戣寰楋紝澶皵闈炲父澶儹锛屼篃鏄殤鍋囷紝浠墠澶湴閮借鐑寲浜嗕竴鏍枫p

鎴戝悆瀹屼互鍚庡(yǐ )崍楗拰鎴戠埛(jiōng )鐖锋垜鍏荤殑澶粍鐙椾竴璧风帺锛屾垜鎵旀湪澶村畠缁欐垜鍙煎嚭鍘伙紝姝帺寰楀紑蹇冪殑鏃跺欙紝蹇界劧闂撮棿澶粍鐙楀(yǔ )啿鍚戦櫌闂紝缁撴潫(wān )浣垮姴鐨勫彨锛屾垜(duǒ )灏卞噯澶囧鍘绘壘瀹冿紝鐪嬩(yú )竴涓嬪彂鐢熶簡浠涔堜簨鎯(láng )呫p

鍙槸瀹冨洖鍘讳互鍚庝互鍚(yáng )庡拷鐒堕棿灏变笉鍙簡锛屽鐫(juān )灏惧反灏卞洖(wú )鍘讳簡锛岃娓呮杩欏彧澶粍(zhé )鐙椾絾鏄浉褰撳潥寮虹殑锛屾湁杩囧拰鏉戦噷闈殑澶嫾鐙楀挰鏋堕兘娌湁杈撹繃锛屼(wù )絾瀹冮偅鏃跺欑殑鏍峰瓙锛岀湅涓(juān )婂幓鍍忔槸(yì )鐪嬪埌浜嗗寮(liáo )烘倣鐨勪簨鎯呬竴鏍凤(fèng )紝鎴戜篃鍚(yáng )撳緱鏁嚭闂簡銆p

涓嶈繃鐖风埛瀹剁殑闄棬澧欏褰撶劧涓嶉珮锛屼篃灏变竴绫冲乏鍙筹紝鑰屼笖鏈変竴娈垫(diàn )槸鏈妗瓙锛岃繖涓椂鍊欐垜灏辫洞鍒版瀛愬悗闈線澶栫湅锛岀獊鐒堕棿闂存昏寰椾竴鑲緢鍑夌殑(qíng )椋(liáng )庡氨鍚逛簡杩涙潵锛岀劧鍚庡啀鎱戜汉涓嶅彲鎬濊鐨勪簨鎯呭氨鍙戠敓浜嗕粈涔堜簡(jiǎn )锛屼竴涓緢楂樺緢鐦鐫澶潅涔变笉(qǐn )鍫殑浜猴紝閭潃涓鏍瑰绮楀鐨勬瀛愬氨璧颁簡涓婃潵锛屼絾鏄蛋鐨勫緢鎱(yuán )緢鐤叉儷锛屼粬涓彧鐪艰寰楁槸绌虹殑锛岃儭瀛愬鍙戜篃(mèi )閭箞鐭紝(rèn )澶氬骞撮緞鎴戜篃鐪嬩笉杩涘幓锛屼粬鐩寸洿鐨勫氨璧颁簡杩囧幓(shān )浜嗐傜劧鍚庡啀灏辫共(gòng )鍦(shī )埛鐖风殑涓妫靛妲愭爲涓嬶紝韫插湪閭(lǘ )噷鍚冧笢瑗(yuàn )挎椂锛(bēn )屽悆鐨勪粈涔堟垜涔熸病娉剰鍒帮紝浣嗘槸鏄寰楀悆鐩稿緢鎭愭栵紝褰撴椂鎴戜篃娌暍闇插锛岄(yuè )偅鏄紡鍦湪妗瓙鍚庨潰锛岀洿鍒(róu )颁粬鎱參鐨勮蛋杩(mà )溿傜瓑浠栬蛋杩滀簡鎴戞墠鍘绘壘澶粍锛屽榛勯偅涓涓嬪崍閮藉氨娌庝箞鍔p

鍚庢潵鎴戜滑涓涓嬫锛屽惉鏉戦噷闈殑浜鸿锛屾垜浠潙瀛愰噷闈墠鍑犲鏉簡涓涓伃(yú )闂箣绁告潃浜虹姱锛屾潃浜嗛殧(jiù )澹佸幙鐨勪竴涓潙鏀功鍏8鍙紝鍚(yáng )杩囨槸鍙笉杩囨瀬鍖栫敓鐜夌殑鍘熷洜锛屽(àn )惉璇村悗鏉璀療鏁戣蛋浜嗐p

鎴戣繖涓椂鍊欐墠娓呮浠墠璺笂缁忚繃鐨勬槸涓涓潃浜虹姱銆傜幇鍦兂涓鎯抽兘涓闃靛悗(mán )鎬曚笉宸插拰鍏韩鍙戞姈銆p

4銆label鍘嗗彶涓婃湁鍝簺浜轰鸡鎯

杩囦簡鍑犳棩涓(juān )浣嶅巻鍙蹭笂鏈娈嬫(róng )棤浜(bāng )轰鸡鐨勭殗甯濓紝浠栦笉(qǐn )浠(xī )呭紤鐖剁浜嗙殗(yè )浣嶏紝杩樺嚮鏉浜嗗厔闀匡紝濂歌颈浜嗘瘝(guān )浜诧紝(rèn )姝汉閭氨鏄殝鐐甯濄p

鏉箍鏄殝鏂囧笣鏉潥鐨勫効瀛愶紝姝汉闃撮櫓姣掕荆锛屽伐浜庡績璁紝涓(juān )斿張浼氫吉瑁呫傚綋鏃讹紝鏉箍鐨勫摜鍝潹鍕囧凡琚珛涓哄(hǒng )瀛愶紝浣嗘潹骞垮嵈鏃犳椂鏃犲埢杩樺湪瑙戣鐨囦綅銆備粬寰堟竻妤氾紝闃荤浠栫櫥涓婄殗浣(huàn )嶇殑姣旇緝澶殰纰嶆槸鏉媷锛屼粬闇瑕佸敖閫熸潃姝昏繖绉嶉殰纰嶃(zhǎn )傝(tà )岋紝鏉箍缁撴潫瑷璇幓璁鐖剁殗鏉潥锛屽苟灏嗚嚜宸遍櫡闃辨垚涓浣(huàn )嶉噸鎯呴噸涔夌殑浠佹厛鍚涘瓙銆p

鏈変竴娆紝鏉潥鏃犳剰涓潵鍒版潹骞跨殑浣忓锛屼粬绐佺劧鍙戠幇鏉箍鐨勪功妗堜笂鎽嗘弧浜嗕功鍗凤紝鑰屼竴鏋剁惔鍒欒鍐峰喎鍦板湴绌虹疆浜(bāng )庝竴涓钀斤紝涓婇潰瀹屽叏瑕嗙洊浜嗕竴灞傜伆灏樸傛潹鍧氫粠鑰屼互涓(juān )猴紝鏉箍鏈笉鍠滀笉鍠滀簬锛屽嵈鏄竴涓瀛笉鍊殑(qíng )璇讳功浜猴紝蹇呮槸蹇楀悜杩滃銆傝繕鏈変竴涓竴娆紝鏉箍璺熺潃鍑犲悕闅忎粠鍘昏鐚庯紝(rèn )鍦鏃锋棤浜虹殑閲庡鍒氬阀閬囧埌浜嗕簡涓鍦哄闆(pǎn )紝闅忎粠浠(xī )悍绾疯劚涓(juān )嬭嚜宸辩殑琛涓烘潹骞挎姭濂芥尅闆紝鍙潹骞垮嵈(huàn )鏂劧鍦颁笉鍙楋(là )紝璇翠綘浠劚浜嗚鏈嶄负鎴戞尅闆紝浣犱滑鍙楁穻鎴戜簬蹇冧笉蹇嶏紝涓嶅鎴戜滑涓璧疯闆穻鍚紒杩欎欢浜嬫儏琚潹鍧氬惉璇磋繃浜嗭紝瀵规潹骞垮張澶氫簡鍑犲垎濂芥劅(zhú )锛岃鐫浠栧崄鍒嗙埍涔嬪績銆p

澶瓙鏉媷涓嶈繃灏辫繕娌湁澶鐨勫(fān )績鏈猴紝涓嶆渶鍠勯暱琛幇锛岄殝鏂囧笣鏉潥(sù )瀵硅繖浣嶅瀛愪竴鐩翠笉(qǐn )鐢氬璋簡锛岀幇鍦笌鏉箍涓姣旇緝姣旇緝锛屾洿鎬昏寰楁棤(cuò )鍫鐢傚彟锛屾湞寤蜂腑鐨勮澶氬鑷兘涓庢潹骞夸氦鎯呬笉閿欙紝涓炵浉鏉(shòu )礌鏇存槸鏉箍鐨勯搧鍝滑锛屽湪(tuàn )浠栦滑鐨勯(dān )紦鍔(è )笅锛(bēn )岄殝鏂囧笣鍒版渶鍚庡簾鏉(shòu )媷鑰屾敼绔嬫潹骞夸负澶瓙銆p

鏉箍鍋氫簡澶瓙鍚庯紝闅嬫枃甯濅究灏嗘湞鏀垮浜嬮兘浜笌鏉箍澶勭悊锛岃嚜宸(chén )卞畾涓嬪績鍦粊瀵垮鍏荤梾銆傚啀鍚庢潵锛岄殝(zhēn )鏂囧笣鐨勭梾鍔挎棩娓愪綆娌夛紝渚垮彫鏉箍鏉粊瀵垮浜唬鍚庝簨锛屼互闃蹭竾涓銆傛鏃剁殑鏉箍锛屾棭浠笉鍐嶉煬鍏夊吇鏅紝浠栧嚌瑙嗙潃濂勫涓鎭殑鐖剁殗锛屽績(jì )涓繕娌湁鍗婂垎鎮蹭激锛(bēn )屽弽鍊掓劅瑙夌殗浣(huàn )嶈揩鍦湁鐫紝涓嶇绗戦愰寮銆傞殝鏂囧笣(bāo )铏芥畫鍠橈紝浣嗕粬棰嗘偀鍒颁簡鏉箍姝椂鐨勫績鎬(gǎo )濓紝瑙夌潃鑷繁鐪嬭蛋浜嗙溂锛岄夐(xuàn )敊浜嗗瀛愶紝闅忓悗澶獋(gāo )涓閫氭潹绱犮p

杩欎竴娆紝(rèn )鍙堝彂鐢熶簡涓浠朵簨鎯咃紝浠殝鏂囧笣涓嬬嫚蹇冭閲嶇珛鏉媷涓哄瀛愩傚師鏉紝(rèn )闅嬫枃甯濇湁涓鍚嶇埍濡冨彨瀹崕澶汉锛屽涓鐩撮櫔渚嶅湪鏉潥鐨勭梾姒诲墠銆傛潹骞挎潵鍘绘帰鏈涚埗鐨囨椂锛岀珶鍙槸鍠滄涓婁簡瀹崕澶汉鐨勫璨屻(rèn )傞氳繃(bēng )杈堝垎锛屾(shēn )潹骞胯偗瀹氱瀹崕澶汉(hàn )涓烘瘝浜诧紝浣嗕粬(qū )涓濇涓嶇悊浼氫汉浼紝褰诲簳娣浜嗗銆p

瀹(yuè )崕澶汉鍚戦殝鏂囧笣鍛婂瘑浜嗘潹骞跨殑鍏借锛岄殝鏂囧笣鎬掍笉鍙亸锛屼究缁欏簾澶瓙鏉媷涓嬪(pín )瘑鏃紝娆茶浠栦笉鑳界户鎵跨殗浣嶃傚彲鎯滐紝瀵嗘棬閮借繕娌嚭瀹紝渚胯涓炵浉鏉礌缁欐姠浜嗛澶翠簡锛屼粠鑰屾潹骞夸究鐭檽浜嗕竴鍒囥傚(xiào )湪鏉礌鐨勫崗鍔笅锛屼竴鍦鸿鑵斂鍙樺(huà )啀娆垎鍙戜簡銆傛潹骞垮畨鎺掑浜嗗彲淇殑鍗叺鎺埗骞跺叆涓讳簡闆烽福浠佸瀹紝鎺潃灏嗛殝鏂囧笣鏉姝伙紝浠栫櫥鍩轰负甯濈鍙栦(chóu )簡鐨囦綅銆p

鏉箍褰撲笂鐨囧笣锛屼究椤虹悊鎴愮珷鍦板湴鐙嚜闇稿崰浜嗗鍗庡浜猴紝灏嗚繖浣(huàn )嶆瘝浜茬撼涓哄珨濡冦備(bèi )粬鏄负宸浐鑷繁鐨勭殗浣嶏紝杩樺皢鍝摜鏉媷鏁欐潗涔犻瑙瓟涔濅釜鍎垮瓙褰诲簳鏉姝伙紝杩欎竴鍑轰汉浼儴鍓紝鍦崐涓腑鍥藉巻(quàn )鍙蹭笂涔熸瀬涓哄皯瑙侊紒

濂囬椈寮(liáo )備簨锛岀簿褰悍鍛堬紒鍠滄灏卞叧娉锛侌煃馃崁

……